Frequency trees

Read a frequency tree (a two-stage tree diagram labelled with frequencies/counts rather than probabilities), find a missing frequency by subtracting known branches from the relevant stage total, and convert a frequency to a probability or proportion by dividing by the relevant total (the grand total for an unconditional probability, or a single branch's total for a conditional proportion).

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Learning objective overview

Master Teaching Guide coverage for this objective.

Current NZC (2007)
  • S5-4
  • S4-4
New NZC (2026)
  • NZC26-P4-PRO-ETP-K-Y9-04

Resources

Terminology

  • Frequency tree
  • Frequency
  • Branch
  • Stage
  • Total
  • Proportion
  • Probability

Task goals

  • Read a frequency tree and identify what the grand total, a first-stage branch, and a second-stage (leaf) branch each represent.
  • Find a missing frequency on a frequency tree by subtracting the known branch(es) from the relevant stage total.
  • Convert a frequency to a probability or proportion by dividing by the grand total (an unconditional probability) or by a single branch's total (a conditional proportion, e.g. "of those who...").
  • Compare proportions across two different branches of the same tree to judge which group is more/less likely to have a given outcome.
  • Explain the difference between a frequency tree (counts at the nodes) and a probability tree (probabilities along the branches, summing to 1 at each split).

Where this fits

What leads into this objective, and where it goes next.

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Frequency trees

Frequency trees

Know

Lists, tables, two-way tables, and tree diagrams are useful systematic methods for generating all possible outcomes.

Statement▸
Year 9 · Probability · Experimental and theoretical probability
NZC26-P4-PRO-ETP-K-Y9-04

Next

The official curriculum has no separate Year 10 statements for Probability — Year 9 Probability spans the phase. Try the Statistics strand’s Year 10 statements. Or extend with: Hamiltonian Circuits and Paths in Networks.

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