Forming parabola equations: vertex form (a = ±1)

Read a parabola's vertex from a large grid graph, decide from its direction whether a = 1 or a = -1, and write the equation in vertex form y = (x - h)^2 + k or y = -(x - h)^2 + k.

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Te reo Māori terms

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Learning objective overview

Master Teaching Guide coverage for this objective.

Current NZC (2007)
  • No direct alignment recorded
New NZC (2026)
  • No direct alignment recorded

Resources

  • Other: Not in Beta Textbook; no verified external resource found for the reverse skill at a = +-1 (forming the vertex-form equation from a graph) -- CorbettMaths, Dr Austin Maths and nzmaths.co.nz cover only sketching a parabola from its vertex-form equation or completing the square

Terminology

  • vertex form
  • vertex
  • y-intercept
  • x-intercept
  • opens upward
  • opens downward

Task goals

  • Read the vertex (h, k) from a graph and write (x - h)^2 + k with the sign of h flipped inside the bracket and k kept as it is.
  • Decide from the direction the curve opens whether a = 1 or a = -1, and write the minus in front of the squared bracket for a downward parabola.
  • Check the finished equation with the y-intercept: h^2 with the sign in front, plus k, must match the graph.
  • Choose between two candidate equations for one graph, or find and correct a sign error, using the direction and the y-intercept check.
  • Expand the finished equation to standard form y = ax^2 + bx + c, or find the x-intercepts from it when they are integers, and explain why some parabolas have none.