Sketching a parabola from vertex form (a=1)

From a parabola in vertex form y = (x - h)^2 + k with a = 1, read off the vertex and axis of symmetry directly, and find the y-intercept and any x-intercepts.

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Te reo Māori terms

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Learning objective overview

Master Teaching Guide coverage for this objective.

Resources

Terminology

  • vertex form
  • vertex
  • turning point
  • minimum point
  • axis of symmetry
  • x-intercept
  • y-intercept

Task goals

  • Read the vertex (h, k) and the axis of symmetry x = h directly from a parabola in vertex form y = (x - h)^2 + k.
  • State whether the parabola opens up or down and whether it has a minimum or maximum, and find the minimum y-value.
  • Write the equation of a parabola in vertex form given its vertex, or given its axis of symmetry and minimum value.
  • Evaluate y for a given x-value, and use symmetry about the vertex to explain why two different x-values give the same y-value.
  • Find the y-intercept of a vertex-form parabola by substituting x = 0, and find its x-intercepts by solving (x - h)^2 + k = 0.
  • Determine, from the sign of k, whether a vertex-form parabola has zero, one, or two x-intercepts, and justify the reasoning.
  • Form a parabola's equation in vertex form from its roots or from its vertex and one other point, and convert between vertex form and factorised form.
  • Find an unknown parameter (h or k) in a vertex-form equation given a point on the graph or a known root.

Teaching guidance

  • No resource in Beta textbook.
  • A parabola in vertex (completed-square) form y = (x - h)^2 + k has its vertex directly readable as the point (h, k) -- no completing the square or extra working needed.
  • The axis of symmetry is the vertical line x = h, passing through the vertex. Since a = 1 is positive, the parabola opens upward and the vertex is a minimum point.
  • x-intercepts (if any) are found by setting y = 0 and solving (x - h)^2 = -k: real solutions exist only when k <= 0, giving x = h +/- sqrt(-k). If k > 0 the parabola sits entirely above the x-axis and has no x-intercepts.
  • The y-intercept is found by substituting x = 0, giving y = h^2 + k.

Key skills

  • Parabola vertex form
  • Quadratic graphs
  • Vertex form
  • a = 1
  • Vertex
  • Axis of symmetry
  • Minimum point

Quick stats

  • 81 total questions
  • 3 difficulty levels
  • Answers included