Interpreting data from box and whisker - CSSI

Read and compare box-and-whisker plots using the CSSI framework (Centre, Spread, Shape, Interesting features), and apply the 75%/50% rule for informal inference -- if one group's median sits outside the interquartile range (the middle 50%) of the other group, that is evidence of a real difference between the groups. Distinct from the existing 9MAT-derived lo-comparing-box-and-whisker-graphs-cssi, which already reads/compares centre and spread from diagrams but never teaches the median-outside-IQR informal-inference rule; every tier here drills that specific rule.

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Learning objective overview

Master Teaching Guide coverage for this objective.

Resources

  • Beta: box and whisker - CSSI Skills in Ex 30.02, pg 570
  • CorbettMaths - Box PlotsQuestions PDF · Answers

Terminology

  • Minimum / Maximum
  • Lower Quartile (LQ)
  • Upper Quartile (UQ)
  • Interquartile Range (IQR)
  • Centre (Median)
  • Shape (Symmetrical vs. Skewed)
  • Spread (Range and IQR)
  • Interesting Features (Overlap/Shift)
  • Middle 50%
  • Sample, Population, Tail

Task goals

  • Read the five-number summary (min, LQ, median, UQ, max) and calculate the IQR from a box plot.
  • Compare two groups' centre (median) and spread (IQR), and describe shape (symmetrical vs. skewed) from the position of the median within the box and the relative whisker lengths.
  • Apply the 75%/50% rule -- check whether one group's median falls inside or outside the other group's IQR -- to judge whether there is evidence of a real difference between two groups.
  • Explain why the rule uses the interquartile range (the middle 50%) rather than the full range as its benchmark for typical variation.
  • Critique an over-strong conclusion drawn from a numerically higher median whose value nonetheless falls inside the other group's IQR.
  • Explain why the five-number summary (and hence the box plot) is resistant to a single outlier, unlike the mean.

Key skills

  • Box plot
  • Compare distributions
  • CSSI
  • Median
  • IQR
  • Spread
  • Informal inference

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  • 3 difficulty levels
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